Socket screws, also called Allen head bolts or screws, are a type of fastener that has a built-in hexagonal internal drive that uses an Allen wrench (also known as hex key) to loosen and tighten. They are used in applications that do not have the space needed to maneuver a standard hex screw and offer increased strength, locking capability and durability compared to a normal screw.
They have a wide variety of different types and variations, including low head, flat head and button head socket cap screws. The low head and flat head versions are rated at 10,000 psi, which is considerably lower than a grade 8 hex head cap screw, while the button head version offers a wider load-bearing surface that resists loosening due to vibration.
All of these different types are very popular in industrial production and assembly line settings such as metal stamping dies, plastic injection molding, machinery, hand and power tools and steel fabrication. This is because they offer impressive clamping strength and a clean finish that is often desirable for aesthetic purposes.
They are available in both metric and imperial sizes, with the head diameter usually 1.5 times larger than the thread diameter. They are also characterized by an 82-degree angle for the shoulder slope, which allows them to be driven into place without damaging the screw's threaded end. In addition, they typically come with a brass or nickel plating for improved corrosion resistance and they are also available in solid stainless steel.
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